https://askubuntu.com/questions/119080/how-to-update-kernel-to-the-latest-mainline-version-without-any-distro-upgrade

Скачать deb отсюда - http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/

• linux-headers-VERSION-NUMBER_all.deb
• linux-headers-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb
• linux-image-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb
• linux-image-extra-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb

Установить

# cd download-path && dpkg -i *.deb

On newer Ubuntu versions systemd is used and /etc/rc.local is not loaded always by default.

Check if the Compatibility service is loaded with

systemctl status rc-local.service

via https://askubuntu.com/a/759821

Как включить rc.local если у вас systemd

Оказывается до ужаса просто

$ apt-get changelog package_name

Например нужно заблокировать соединения к 80 порту

ufw deny proto tcp from 203.0.113.0/24 to any port 80

Вероятнее всего уже есть allow правило.

Смотрим текущие правила

ufw status numbered

Добавляем правило выше

ufw insert 1 deny proto tcp from 203.0.113.0/24 to any port 80

VPS в Xen работает нестабильно, kernel panic итд.

Проблем нет с ядром 4.15.0-46
Не работает с 4.15.0-47 по 4.15.0-55

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1837751

Система Linux Mint, 32bit. Подключаем в Remmina (RDP) локальный каталог, в итоге на удаленном сервере файлы даже 1 КБ имеют размер в несколько гигабайт.

Как это выглядит - RDP remote files are listed with huge wrong size under 32bit client platforms

Баг на github - Remote files are listed with huge wrong size under 32bit client platforms, еще один https://github.com/FreeRDP/Remmina/issues/1174

Проблема проявляется в версии 1.2.0-rcgit-18 (git rcgit-18) из репозитория https://launchpad.net/%7Eremmina-ppa-team/+archive/ubuntu/remmina-next, который указан в wiki

С версией из стандартного репозитория Mint размер файлов верный

$ dpkg -l remmina
||/ Имя Версия Архитектура Описание
+++-==============-============-============-=================================
ii remmina 1.1.2-3ubunt i386 remote desktop client for GNOME d

Патч для отважных джедаев компилирующих версию из git.

При переустановке пакета mysql-server появляется ошибка Aborting downgrade from (at least) 5.6 to 5.5 или Aborting downgrade from (at least) 5.5 to 5.1

This is not a bug, you must remove /var/lib/mysql/debian-5.6.flag file

Удаляем файл debian-5.*.flag и повторно запускаем apt-get install

Ошибка

sudo: unable to stat /etc/sudoers: Permission denied
sudo: no valid sudoers sources found, quitting
sudo: unable to initialize policy plugin

Смотрим права

root@vm1753:/# ls -la
total 1049708
drw-------  23 root root       4096 Dec  7 16:58 .
drw-------  23 root root       4096 Dec  7 16:58 ..
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Nov 27 06:27 bin
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root       4096 Nov 27 06:25 boot
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root       4096 Sep 13  2015 build
drwxr-xr-x  13 root root       3860 Dec  7 17:22 dev
drwxr-xr-x 116 root root      12288 Dec  7 17:22 etc
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Apr 10  2014 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         34 Nov 27 06:25 initrd.img -> boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-101-generic
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         33 Sep 13  2015 initrd.img.old -> boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-24-generic
drwxr-xr-x  21 root root       4096 Nov 27 06:26 lib
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 May 26  2016 lib64
drwx------   2 root root      16384 Sep 13  2015 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Apr 18  2014 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Apr 10  2014 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root       4096 Jan 21  2016 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 129 root root          0 Dec  7 17:22 proc
drwx------  13 root root       4096 Nov 27 06:57 root
drwxr-xr-x  22 root root        720 Dec  7 18:33 run
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root      12288 Dec  7 17:18 sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Apr 18  2014 srv
-rw-------   1 root root 1073741824 Dec  7 16:59 swapfile
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root          0 Dec  7 17:22 sys
drwxrwxrwt   6 root root       4096 Dec  7 18:40 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  10 root root       4096 Apr 18  2014 usr
drwxr-xr-x  12 root root       4096 Sep 13  2015 var
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         31 Nov 27 06:25 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-101-generic
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root         30 Sep 13  2015 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-24-generic

Для / установлен chmod 600. Чиним права

# chmod 755 /

sudo вновь доступен.

Ubuntu 14.04, ISPmanager 5 Lite

При включении дисковых квот ошибка

Лог ispmgr

Preparing to unpack .../ispmanager-pkg-quota_5.78.2-2-ubuntu14_all.deb ...
quotaoff: Mountpoint (or device) / not found or has no quota enabled.
quotacheck: Mountpoint (or device) / not found or has no quota enabled.
quotacheck: Cannot find filesystem to check or filesystem not mounted with quota option.
Can not check quota
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/ispmanager-pkg-quota_5.78.2-2-ubuntu14_all.deb (--unpack):
 subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/ispmanager-pkg-quota_5.78.2-2-ubuntu14_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Пакет quota установлен.

/etc/init.d/quota start не срабатывает.

И ещё один сюрприз - нет файла /etc/fstab, точнее он пуст

# UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM

Поэтому идём в /lib/init/fstab

# apt-get install linux-image-extra-virtual

find /lib/modules | grep quota
/lib/modules/4.5.1-std-1/kernel/fs/quota
/lib/modules/4.5.1-std-1/kernel/fs/quota/quota_v1.ko
/lib/modules/4.5.1-std-1/kernel/fs/quota/quota_v2.ko
/lib/modules/4.5.1-std-1/kernel/fs/quota/quota_tree.ko
/lib/modules/4.5.1-std-1/kernel/net/netfilter/xt_quota.ko

depmod -a
modprobe quota_v1
modprobe quota_v2
/etc/init.d/quota start

• https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/761809
• http://askubuntu.com/questions/109585/quota-format-not-supported-in-kernel
• quotacheck: Your kernel probably supports journaled quota but you are not using it.
• http://ittraveler.org/nastrojka-diskovyx-kvot-v-ubuntu/
• http://askubuntu.com/questions/109585/quota-format-not-supported-in-kernel
• https://www.virtualmin.com/node/23522

via http://askubuntu.com/questions/51265/where-is-var-log-messages

/var/log/messages has been deleted from Natty.
You can find the same info in /var/log/syslog. Note that everything logged to messages was also logged to syslog.

• http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=47&t=183727&p=952334
• http://techjim.blogspot.ru/2014/04/recover-ubuntu-from-perl-catastrophe.html

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2227097 читать и размышлять

MySQL автоматически стартует после остановки.

Убираем инит - update-rc.d -f mysql remove
Или убираем upstart - /etc/init/mysql.conf

via http://blog.jamesrhall.com/2014/04/ubuntu-server-1404-fun.html

Добавить параметр nomodeset к ядру. не работает.

    nomodeset

    The newest kernels have moved the video mode setting into the kernel. So all the programming of the hardware specific clock rates and registers on the video card happen in the kernel rather than in the X driver when the X server starts.. This makes it possible to have high resolution nice looking splash (boot) screens and flicker free transitions from boot splash to login screen. Unfortunately, on some cards this doesnt work properly and you end up with a black screen. Adding the nomodeset parameter instructs the kernel to not load video drivers and use BIOS modes instead until X is loaded.

via http://www.unrelatedshit.com/2014/07/30/kvm-too-fast-for-plymouth-upstart-bridge/

Ошибка

init: plymouth-upstart-bridge main process (222) terminated with status 1
init: plymouth-upstart-bridge main process ended, respawning

Добавить sleep 2 в /etc/init/plymouth-upstart-bridge.conf

[...]
stop on (stopping plymouth
         or stopping plymouth-shutdown)     
 
console output
 
exec plymouth-upstart-bridge
sleep 2

сомнительное решение. не помогло. система не загружается.